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Question

G. Civil Liability Ex-Delicto - Persons Who Participated Gratuitously (Article 111)

In a sports event organized by a local community, a tragic accident occurred during a basketball game. Player A, who was known for his aggressive playing style, recklessly pushed Player B during a heated moment. Player B lost balance and crashed into the stands, causing injuries to several spectators. Among the injured spectators was Spectator C, an avid basketball fan who volunteered to help in organizing the event.

Based on the given scenario, determine the civil liability of Spectator C, considering the provisions under Article 111 of the Civil Code.

1. Discuss whether Spectator C can be held civilly liable for the injuries sustained by the spectators.
2. Explain the conditions or requirements that must be satisfied to hold Spectator C liable under the principle of participation gratuitously.

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Answer